top of page
Writer's pictureShidonna Raven

What Is the Roman Calendar: The 12 Months of the Year


Source: Time & Date

Photo Source: Unsplash,


The Roman calendar is the ancestor of our modern calendar. Some of its features are still in use today.





Roman Colosseum. Shidonna Raven Garden & Cook
Roman Colosseum. Shidonna Raven Garden & Cook

The 12 Months of the Year

A year is divided into 12 months in the modern-day Gregorian calendar. The months are either 28, 29, 30, or 31 days long.


The Gregorian calendar is made up of 12 months, each between 28 and 31 days long.

Create Your Calendar


Each month has either 28, 30, or 31 days during a common year, which has 365 days. During leap years, which occur nearly every 4 years, we add an extra (intercalary) day, Leap Day, on 29 February, making leap years 366 days long.


This is to keep our current calendar aligned with the solar year and astronomical seasons marked by equinoxes and solstices.


The 12 Months

The Gregorian calendar consists of the following 12 months:

  1. January - 31 days

  2. February - 28 days in a common year and 29 days in leap years

  3. March - 31 days

  4. April - 30 days

  5. May - 31 days

  6. June - 30 days

  7. July - 31 days

  8. August - 31 days

  9. September - 30 days

  10. October - 31 days

  11. November - 30 days

  12. December - 31 days


Tracking the Moon’s Orbit

The months originated as a way to mark time and break up the year into shorter periods based on the Moon’s orbit around Earth. The word month is even derived from the word Moon.


As far as we know, months were first used in Mesopotamia sometime between the years 500 BCE and 400 BCE to measure the natural period related to the lunar month, or synodic month, which is the time it takes for the Moon to go through all the Moon phases.


How Many Have 28, 29, 30, or 31 Days?

The Gregorian calendar has 4 months that are 30 days long and 7 months that are 31 days long. February is the only month that is 28 days long in common years and 29 days long in leap years.


From 10 to 12 Months

Our current Gregorian calendar and its predecessor, the Julian calendar, both have 12 months. However, the month names we use today are derived from the Roman calendar, which initially had only 10 months, with the calendar year starting in March (Martius).


The Romans named some of the months after their position in the calendar year: September means the 7th month, October the 8th, November the 9th, and December the 10th month. However, when January and February were eventually added and the beginning of the calendar year was moved to January, the position of these months no longer corresponded with the original meaning of their names. Today, we still call the 9th month of the year September, the 7th month.


The Islamic calendar, the Hebrew calendar, and the Hindu calendar also use months to divide up the year. Although the Gregorian calendar is the most commonly used calendar today, other calendars are still used in many parts of the world to calculate certain holidays and annual feasts.


Old Names of Months

Months in the ancient Roman calendar include:

  • Mercedonius - an occasional month after February that would be used to realign the Roman calendar. Today we use Leap Day for this alignment.

  • Quintilis - renamed July in honor of Julius Caesar in 44 BCE.

  • Sextilis - renamed August in honor of Roman Emperor Augustus in 8 BCE.



What is your faith? How can it impact your health? Why?




Share the wealth of health with your family and friends by sharing this article with 3 people today.


If this article was helpful to you, donate to the Shidonna Raven Garden and Cook E-Magazine Today. Thank you in advance.




Comments

Rated 0 out of 5 stars.
No ratings yet

Add a rating
bottom of page