There is a Sound Series, Dead Sea Scrolls: History-Israeli occupation

Shidonna Raven
Sep 25
3 min read

By The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Source: Britannica

Article History

Photo Source: Unsplash,

History

sraeli occupation

During the 1967 war Israel occupied the West Bank and established a military administration throughout the area, except in East Jerusalem, which Israel incorporated into itself, extending Israeli citizenship, law, and civil administration to the area. In the remaining areas of the West Bank, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) issued a military order that prohibited the display of political symbols and the distribution of political publications and restricted public gatherings, preventing civil resistance to Israeli authorities for much of the first decade of Israeli occupation.

This period of relative calm began to wane during the late 1970s and early ’80s as Israel began a more aggressive course of establishing settlements. By the early ’80s the settlements numbered in the scores. Land, businesses, and buildings were expropriated from the Palestinian inhabitants, many of whom were long displaced, having fled the wars of 1948 and 1967. During the administration of Prime Minister Menachem Begin (1977–83), the number of Israeli settlements more than tripled, and the number of Israeli settlers increased more than fivefold. Israeli claims of a right to administer land in the West Bank not cultivated or privately owned (a category that might amount to between 30 and 70 percent of the West Bank, depending on the definitions adopted) gave rise to suspicions that Israel intended ultimately to annex the area piecemeal.

Throughout the 1970s and ’80s the issue of Israeli rule over the West Bank Palestinians remained unresolved. Israel regarded possession of the West Bank as vital to its security, and the growing number of Israeli settlements further stiffened Israeli unwillingness to relinquish control of the area. At the same time, the chief political representative of the West Bank Palestinians, the PLO, refused to negotiate with Israel and, until 1988, was unwilling to recognize Israel’s right to exist; Israel refused to negotiate with or recognize the PLO for years after that date.

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