Medicine in the Middle Ages, P1

Source: The MET

The Art of History

January 1, 2012

Photo Source: Unsplash,

By the twelfth century, there were medical schools throughout Europe. The most famous was the school of Salerno in southern Italy, reputedly founded by a Christian, an Arab, and a Jew.

Sigrid Goldiner

In the second century, Origen wrote, “For those who are adorned with religion use physicians as servants of God, knowing that He himself gave medical knowledge to men, just as He himself assigned both herbs and other things to grow on the earth.”

The practice of medicine in the Middle Ages was rooted in the Greek tradition. Hippocrates, considered the “father of Medicine,” described the body as made up of four humors—yellow bile, phlegm, black bile, and blood—and controlled by the four elements—fire, water, earth, and air. The body could be purged of excess by bleeding, cupping, and leeching—medical practices that continued throughout the Middle Ages.

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