Flood-associated disease outbreaks and transmission in Southeast Asia - Introduction 20

Authors: Boonfei Tan ¹

Patrick De Vera ²

Josephine Abrazaldo ²

Charmaine Ng ^1*

Source: Frontiers

Photo/Image Source: Unsplash

With the impact of climate change, countries/regions including the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Borneo, and Thailand are expected to see more intense rainfall, while Indonesia experiences fewer extreme events but longer stretches of consecutive wet days (Chen et al., 2025; Loo et al., 2015). Tropical cyclones are projected to persist longer and intensify, threatening key coastal cities such as Hai Phong, Bangkok, and Yangon, while extending damage farther inland (Garner et al., 2024). By the end of the century, SEA could see average regional warming of approximately 2 °C under moderate emissions (SSP245), rising to 3 °C or more under high emissions (SSP585), depending on the sub-region (Try and Qin, 2024). This mix of changing climates, complex surface and meteorological features means that monsoon-linked floods may become even more severe and unpredictable in the future.

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