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Flood-associated disease outbreaks and transmission in Southeast Asia - Introduction 10

2 hours ago
1 min read

Authors: Boonfei Tan 1

Source: Frontiers

Photo/Image Source: Unsplash

ASEAN Biodiaspora Virtual Centre, 2024). Rainfall frequency and intensity are commonly associated with heightened risk of leptospirosis. Infections often peak during periods of heavy rain and following flooding events (Chutinantakul et al., 2019; Matsushita et al., 2018; Phosri, 2022). Temporal data shows a rise of reported cases in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore over the past 3 years (2022–2025), while the Philippines saw a decline of cases after a 2018 peak, before rising again (ASEAN Biodiaspora Virtual Centre, 2024). Beyond public health, Leptospirosis also increases DALY and reduces global human productivity, resulting in significant global economic losses ($29.3 billion); with Indonesia, Thailand, and Malaysia reported as the three most affected AMS (Agampodi et al., 2023).







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