Children’s Vulnerability to Environmental Exposures: Prevention

Oct 14m 2010

Source: NIH

National Library of Medicine

National Center for Biotechnology Information

Photo Source: Unsplash

Table 3.

Levels of prevention of climate change risks that have child-protective potential.

Prevention level	Goal	Child-protective examples
Zero-order	Prevent the development of a hazard	Urban planning to reduce GHGs from vehicular traffic and increase pedestrian access, resulting in improved air quality and increased physical activity (Sheffield and Galvez 2009)
Primary	Block interaction between hazard and human	Relocation of low-lying island populations facing increased risk of flooding, or distribution of mosquito nets
Secondary	Prevent effects after exposure to the hazard	Activation of early warning systems before heat waves
Tertiary	Reduce morbidity and mortality, avoid complications, and restore function	Postdisaster restoration of chronic care services

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Adapted from Frumkin et al. (2008) and St Louis and Hess (2008).

Children’s environmental health indicators

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