June 13, 2024
Source: KFF
Photo / Image Source: Unsplash,
Challenges
WHO faces a number of institutional challenges, including:
a scope of responsibility that has expanded over time with little growth in core, non-emergency funding;
an inflexible budget dominated in recent years by less predictable voluntary contributions often earmarked for specific activities;
a cumbersome, decentralized, and bureaucratic governance structure; and
a dual mandate of being both a technical agency with health expertise and a political body where states debate and negotiate on sometimes divisive health issues.
These and other challenges were particularly evident during and after perceived failures of the agency in the response to the Ebola epidemic in West Africa (2014-2015), and in the criticisms directed at WHO as it tried to help coordinate a global response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Even as many member states continue to support WHO and recognize its importance for global health, many are also calling for reforms to the organization that would help address its weaknesses. WHO itself supports reforms in several areas and has taken some internal reform actions, while also launching its new “investment round” and ushering negotiation processes to revise the International Health Regulations and establish a new pandemic accord, each of which includes reforms to WHO practices.
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